Post-traumatic epilepsy
Seizures can start weeks or even years after a brain injury. Medication controls them for many people.
Beyond the injury
Related health problems
A brain injury affects the whole body. These conditions are more common afterwards — and most can be treated, so tell your doctor if you notice them.
Depression & anxiety
Very common after brain injury, caused both by brain changes and by life changes. Therapy and medication help.
Chronic headaches
Post-traumatic headaches can last months. A headache diary helps doctors find triggers and treatment.
Sleep disorders
Insomnia, sleeping too much, and sleep apnoea are common and make fatigue and memory worse.
Hormone problems
Damage to the pituitary gland can affect growth hormone, thyroid, and stress hormones, causing tiredness and weight change.
Post-concussion syndrome
Symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, and brain fog that last longer than expected after a concussion.
Dementia risk
Moderate-to-severe or repeated brain injuries are linked with a higher risk of dementia later in life.
CTE
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is linked to repeated head impacts, such as in contact sports.
Spasticity & pain
Muscle stiffness, tightness, and long-term pain can follow, especially after stroke or severe injury.